The use of incense sticks and air fresheners is common in many homes. While these may be part of cultural or domestic routine, recent medical findings suggest they could be silently damaging lungs.
Research carried out worldwide highlights that indoor air pollution from incense, cooking fumes, and air fresheners may increase the risk of lung damage and even cancer, especially among non-smokers.
A study published in January 2022 in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health studied the impact of indoor pollutants. By analyzing lung fluid samples of lung cancer patients and healthy individuals, the researchers found that habitual cooking and incense burning increased the risk of lung adenocarcinoma.
The study identified chemicals such as naphthalene, ethylbenzene, and o-xylene, which are commonly found in incense and cooking fumes, as the main pollutants that accumulate inside the lungs and cause damage.
Dr. Arun Kumar Giri, Director-Surgical Oncology, Aakash Healthcare, said, “We are seeing lung inflammation and early damage even in non-smokers. In many of these cases, the patient is regularly exposed to incense smoke, cooking fumes without exhaust systems, and scented sprays. These are not harmless.”
A review study, published in October 2021 in Frontiers in Public Health, found that more particulate matter per gram is generated by incense compared to cigarettes and contains toxic compounds that can have a direct impact on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
Dr. Ruchi Singh, HOD & Senior Consultant Radiation Oncology, Asian Hospital, Faridabad, explained, “Indian cooking methods like deep-frying, tadka, and high-heat oil usage produce harmful chemicals. Without proper ventilation, these pollutants settle in the lungs and can cause chronic conditions.”
Dr. Arun Kumar Giri noted, “During festivals or long pujas, the air becomes saturated with smoke. This can harm young children, the elderly, and even pets. We urge families to limit usage and ensure fresh air circulation,” and Dr. Aakaar Kapoor, CEO, & Lead Medical Advisor, City Xray Scan & Clinic, Delhi, added, “We often find early signs of lung stress or damage in CT scans of patients who never smoked. Many of them reveal years of exposure to incense and poor kitchen ventilation.”
